Abstract
This article explores the strategic role of training in knowledge transfer within the field of preventing and countering violent extremism (P/CVE) in Europe. While training has long been recognised as a key mechanism for building institutional capacity, its effectiveness in fostering operational performance remains inconsistently assessed. The recent proliferation of P/CVE training across EU Member States reflects heightened awareness and institutional investment, though implementation remains uneven due to national disparities in legislation, experience with radicalisation, and institutional mandates. Drawing on Agenfor International’s experience with EU-funded projects such as DERAD, TRAINING AID, and MINDb4ACT, the article analyses a multi-level training model based on flexibility, localisation, and scalability. The HERMES online platform is highlighted as a best practice for its capacity to support decentralised course customisation while maintaining EU compliance. Additionally, the integration of technological innovations, including virtual and augmented reality, is shown to enhance situational awareness and learning outcomes, particularly in high-risk contexts like prisons. The article concludes by identifying two key lessons learned: the need for harmonised training models that respect national legal frameworks, and the importance of data governance in relation to radicalisation indicators and rehabilitation programmes.